Components of Electrical Wiring:

1. Wires: They carry electrical current throughout the home. Different wires have various colors to indicate their function, such as black (hot), white (neutral), and green or bare copper (ground).
2. Circuits: Electrical circuits are pathways through which electricity flows. They consist of wires, switches, outlets, and fixtures, forming a complete loop for the current to travel.

Types of Wiring:

1. Romex Wiring (Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable): This commonly used wiring is made up by multiple insulated wires (including a ground wire) encased in a plastic sheath. It’s suitable for interior wiring in dry areas.
2. Knob and Tube Wiring: An older wiring method with individual insulated wires supported by ceramic knobs and tubes. It’s outdated and often replaced due to safety concerns.

Basic Wiring Components:

1. Outlets: These access points allow devices and appliances to connect to the electrical system.
2. Switches: Devices that control the flow of electricity to lights or appliances, allowing them to be turned on or off.
3. Circuit Breaker or Fuse Box: Acts as a safety mechanism, interrupting the circuit in case of an overload to prevent electrical fires.

Safety Tips for Dealing with Electrical Wiring:

1. Turn Off Power: Always turn off the power at the circuit breaker/fuse box before working on electrical wiring to prevent electric shock.
2. Use Proper Tools: Use insulated tools designed for electrical work and wear safety gear, such as gloves and goggles.
3. Seek Professional Help: For complex wiring tasks or if unsure, it’s safer to hire a licensed electrician to handle electrical installations or repairs.